The main stages in sorting household waste
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Municipal solid waste (MSW)
- Step 1
- Step 2
- Step 3
- Step 4
Step 1
Supply system
The supply system for handling household waste is capable of opening the plastic bin liners.
Step 2
Separation by type
Dry wastes are fed through a trommel and a ballistic separator to separate out the dry waste from the high-moisture waste. Moist or organic waste can be processed through biodrying, for example.
Step 3
Sorting by materials
Recoverable materials such as plastics and metals are extracted from the dry waste for recycling. Ferrous and non-ferrous metals are separated out, respectively by large magnets known as overbands and eddy current separators. Plastics are separated out by optical sorting machines.
Step 4
RDF preparation
The remainder of the waste flow, made up of non-recyclable plastic and fibrous materials (paper/cardboard), is dried then crushed, ready for processing solid recovered fuel’ (SRF) or Refuse-derived fuel (RDF).
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Municipal solid waste (MSW) is a resource
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is the everyday waste that could not be sorted into the various selective sorting bins (yellow bin, glass, compost), such as food scraps, personal hygiene and cleaning products, and small plastic objects. MSW also includes waste that has not been properly sorted, such as fermentable or organic waste (food waste, grass cuttings, wood, etc.) and recyclable household packaging.
Today, most of this type of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) deposited in grey bins is buried or incinerated. The gradual reduction in capacity and the rising cost of burying waste makes this method of waste processing unviable in the long term.
Residual Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) sorting centres can extract recoverable waste such as certain plastics and metals. The remaining non-hazardous dry waste is processed into solid recovered fuel (SRF). This SRF is a local energy source and an efficient alternative to the use of fossil fuels in cement works or industrial heating plants, and sometimes even in district heating networks.
Minimizing final waste
This process recycles or reuses household waste wherever possible by recycling the materials, recovering the energy and stabilising the organic waste before burying it in the ground. This substantially reduces the volume of waste for burial (or incineration).
By reusing the waste produced by citizens and turning it into a new energy source, this solution is part of a circular economy model and reduces primary resource usage.
An Aktid municipal solid waste (MSW) -sorting facility is:
- A robust and reliable process that ensures a maximum recovery rate
- Maximally automated lines to limit human action
- An SRF grade that can be adjusted to the outlets
Close-up on: ballistic separators
Ballistic separators perform the “core process” in next-generation waste-sorting centres. They are used to separate a stream of mixed materials into three or four categories, based on the principle that, depending on their physical properties, materials react differently when they are moving.
The ballistic separator designed by AKTID delivers an excellent quality of separation and processes an additional 30% of throughput by leveraging :
- Unrivalled durability
- Over 20m² of screening area
- Variable, real-time adjustable speed of operation
- Slats with a large range of movement
- Adjustable inclination during operation
- Easily-adjustable screening
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